African Heritage

Walter M. Patrice Online Library Many men and women of color have contributed richly to the history of our county, and to the Dutchess County Historical Society as an organization. Among them was Walter Patrice. He gave DCHS its foundational collection on Black History, relating to the AME Zion Church on Smith Street, Poughkeepsie. His 99-year lifelong commitment and quest for learning through understanding our local history, sets the standard here. We will continually evolve and develop resources making them available to the general public, students, academics and historians, to facilitate the kind of study and learning Mr. Patrice did so well himself, and wished so much for others to do. Shown, right, serving as Lt. in WW2 in Europe and in the AME Zion Church at the time of its being listed on the National Register of Historic Places under his leadership. ~ Bill Jeffway Mr. Patrice served as a First Lieutenant in WW2, and was active in Poughkeepsie’s AME Zion Church. Trails: Resources & Profiles: Enslavement: Historic Locations

Father & Daughter: Views on Racial Justice Across Two Generations The Bolin Family Born in the nearby Quaker stronghold of the Town of Dover in 1826, Abram Bolin moved to this house on North Clinton Street in Poughkeepsie with his wife, Alice Ann Lawrence Bolin, before 1860. See their photos below. Among the children raised at the house was Gaius Bolin. Born in 1864, Gaius became the first Black man to graduate from Williams College (Class of 1889). He returned to this home until he set up his practice, and married in 1899. The home of Abram and Ann Bolin stands today on North Clinton Street. It is the birthplace of Gaius Bolin. Gaius Bolin (shown below) married Matilda Emery in 1899. A native of Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, Matilda came to Poughkeepsie as a child. At the home shown below, they had four children: Ann May, Gaius, Jr., Ivy Rosalind, and Jane. Matilda died in 1917, several months before realizing their plans to move to a larger house they were building on Grand Avenue. The home of Gaius and Matilda Bolin. Birthplace of Jane Bolin, the first Black judge in the United States.

Town Hall Workshop March 9, 2026 “I have worked at archaeological sites throughout the State. This is a remarkable resource. There is almost nothing like this in New York.  The data is overwhelming, it is remarkable.” Matthew Kirk, M.A., RPA, Principal Investigator / Vice President, Hartgen Archaeological Associates.

Our online story about the extraordinary Sadie Peterson Delaney caught the attention of a big fan in England: Natty Mark Samuels, head of the African School in England. He was prompted to write a ballad dedicated to her, which is here performed by Poughkeepsie’s Angela Henry. The profile of Mrs. Delaney is below as well. The Ballad of Sadie Delaney By Natty Mark Samuels, head of the African School in England. Read by (Grace) Angela Henry (13 minutes). Full program. Poughkeepsie’s Sadie Delaney: Healing the Trauma of War Through Reading This is an extract from an article published in the Northern/Southern Dutchess News on February 12, 2020, under the heading, African American Women’s Voices & Talents of a Century Ago by Bill Jeffway. Sadie (Johnson) Peterson Delaney (1889 to 1958) was both ambitious and successful in expanding a field of health and healing driven by books, called Bibliotherapy. We know from The Quill, the Parish newsletter of the the Smith Metropolitan AME Zion Church, that she was a prolific poet, and involved in many Church groups. From the October 21, 1915 issue: Mrs Peterson is one of Zion’s staunch supporters. She possesses considerable literary ability, is a willing worker, a splendid young woman and of a congenial personality. She is a born poet. Her productions are practically all spontaneous efforts and yet she has but few equals in the amateur poetic world. Each of her poems grip with a peculiar fascination, being clothed in beautiful language, the pathos so tender and the whole so original, varied and novel that one is carried along as in a delightful dream of admiration. Mrs. Peterson is serving our church as President of the J. W. Hood Literary Society, President of the General Claims Auxiliary No. 2, Leader of the Children’s Class, Sabbath School Teacher, and member of the Busy Bee Sewing Circle. She is one of the daughters of Zion of whom we are proud. New York State was having a referendum in the year 1915 on the question of women’s suffrage, of course only among male voters who were the only ones who could vote at the time. The question the ballot was whether the NY State constitution should be amended to allow women to vote. In an effort to drum up support among African-Americans the Equal Suffrage League of Poughkeepsie, led by Laura Wiley of Vassar College, held a meeting at the Smith AME Zion Church, the African-American Church on Smith Street in Poughkeepsie in 1914, a year before the referendum. Among the women of that Church who stepped up and spoke in support of women’s suffrage was Sadie Johnson Peterson. Interested in writing at the time, she read an original poem called, “A Suffrage Call.” Unfortunately we do not know exactly what she said. Peterson had moved to Poughkeepsie as a child in 1899 when her father took the job of Sexton at St Paul’s Episcopal Church. Sadie Peterson, 1915, Poughkeepsie. Dr. Delaney. She attended Poughkeepsie High School, and Miss McGovern’s School of Social Work, abley pivoting out of a difficult first marriage to focus on studying to become a librarian. She was 30 years old when she left Poughkeepsie to study at the 135th Street Branch of the New York City library system, now New York Public Library’s Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem. She was active there when the intellectual, musical and artistic activities of the Harlem Renaissance took place. Today, that library branch houses a collection of her letters, clippings and photographs. In 1924, the remarried Sadie Peterson Delaney took a position as librarian at Tuskegee Veterans Administration hospital. There she developed and evolved the practice of Bibliotherapy, working with doctors to use books to heal both mental and physical wounds. Imagine, a time before television, before the pervasive TV screen appeared in our hospital rooms to distract us, Bibliotherapy was a deeply thoughtful concept that looked at a very holistic approach to healing. Eleanor Roosevelt in her column “My Day” wrote in January 1957 applauding Mrs. Delaney and her practice of bibliotherapy. Roosevelt explained that Mrs. Delaney served 1,000 patients. She had added a library binding service to give patients vocational experience. She started a department for the blind, and classes in braille. At the Family Partnership building on North Hamilton Street you will find Poughkeepsie Public Library’s Sadie Peterson Delaney African Roots Library.